Saul Alinsky

Saul Alinsky Saul Alinsky was a political activist and organizer whose work on behalf of poor residents of American cities brought him recognition in the 1960s. He published a book, Rules For Radicals, which appeared in the heated political environment of 1971  and went on to become familiar over the years mostly to those who study political science. Alinsky, who died in 1972, was perhaps destined to fade into obscurity. Yet his name unexpectedly surfaced  with some degree of prominence during high-profile political campaigns in recent years. Alinskys  reputed influence as an organizer has been wielded as a weapon against current political figures, most notably Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton. Alinsky was known to many  in the 1960s. In 1966 the New York Times Magazine published a profile of him titled Making Trouble Is Alinskys Business, a lofty credential for any social activist at the time. And his involvement in various actions, including strikes and protests, received media coverage. Hillary Clinton, as a student at Wellesley College, wrote a senior thesis about Alinskys activism and writings. When she ran for president in 2016 she was attacked for supposedly being a disciple of Alinsky, despite having disagreed with some of the tactics he advocated. Despite the negative attention Alinsky has received in recent years, he was generally respected in his own time. He worked with clergymen and business owners and in his writings and speeches, he stressed self-reliance. Though a self-proclaimed radical, Alinsky  considered himself a patriot and urged Americans to take greater responsibility in society. Those who worked with him recall a man with a sharp mind and a sense of humor who was genuinely concerned with helping those who, he believed, were not being treated fairly in society. Early Life Saul David Alinsky was born in Chicago, Illinois, on January 30, 1909. His parents, who were Russian Jewish immigrants, divorced when he was 13, and Alinsky moved to Los Angeles with his father. He returned to Chicago to attend the University of Chicago, and received a degree in archaeology in 1930. After winning a fellowship to continue his education, Alinsky studied criminology. In 1931, he began to work for the Illinois state government as a sociologist studying topics including juvenile delinquency and organized crime. That work provided a practical education in the problems of urban neighborhoods in the depths of the Great Depression. Activism After several years, Alinsky left his government post to become involved in citizen activism. He co-founded an organization, the Back of the Yards Neighborhood Council, which was focused on bringing about political reform that would improve life in the ethnically diverse neighborhoods adjacent to the famous Chicago stockyards. The organization worked with clergy members, union officials, local business owners, and neighborhood groups to combat problems such as unemployment, insufficient housing, and juvenile delinquency. The Back of the Yards Neighborhood Council, which still exists today, was largely successful in bringing attention to local problems and seeking solutions from the Chicago city government. Following that progress, Alinsky, with funding from the Marshall  Field Foundation, a prominent Chicago charity, launched a more ambitious organization, the Industrial Areas Foundation. The new organization was intended to bring organized action to a variety of neighborhoods in Chicago. Alinsky, as executive director, urged citizens to organize to address grievances. And he advocated protest actions. In 1946, Alinsky published his first book Reveille For Radicals. He argued that democracy would function best if people organized in groups, generally in their own neighborhoods. With organization and leadership, they could then exert political power in positive ways. Though Alinsky proudly used the term radical, he was advocating legal protest within the existing system. In the late 1940s, Chicago experienced racial tensions, as African Americans who had migrated from the South began to settle in the city. In December 1946 Alinskys status as an expert on Chicagos social issues was reflected in an article in the New York Times in which he expressed his fears that Chicago might erupt in major race riots. In 1949 Alinsky published a second book, a biography of John L. Lewis, a prominent labor leader. In a New York Times review of the book, the newspapers labor correspondent called it entertaining and lively, but criticized it for overstating Lewiss desire to challenge Congress and various presidents.   Spreading His Ideas Throughout the 1950s, Alinsky continued his work in trying to improve neighborhoods which he believed mainstream society was ignoring. He began to travel beyond Chicago, spreading his style of advocacy, which centered on protest actions which would pressure, or embarrass, governments to tend to critical issues. As the social changes of the 1960s began to shake America, Alinsky was often critical of young activists. He constantly urged them to organize, telling them that although it was often boring daily work, it would provide benefits in the long run. He told young people not to wait around for a leader with charisma to emerge, but to get involved themselves. As the United States grappled with the problems of poverty and slum neighborhoods, Alinskys ideas seemed to hold promise. He was invited to organize in the barrios of California as well as in poor neighborhoods in cities in upstate New York. Alinsky was often critical of government anti-poverty programs and often found himself at odds with Great Society programs of Lyndon Johnsons administration. He also experienced conflicts with organizations who had invited him to participate in their own anti-poverty programs. In 1965, Alinskys abrasive nature was one of the reasons Syracuse University chose to cut ties with him. In a newspaper interview at the time, Alinsky said: Ive never treated anyone with reverence. That goes for religious leaders, mayors, and millionaires. I think irreverence is basic to a free society. The New York Times Magazine article about him, published on October 10, 1966, quoted what Alinsky would often say to those he sought to organize: The only way to upset the power structure is to goad them, confuse them, irritate them, and most of all, make them live by their own rules. If you make them live by their own rules, youll destroy them. The October 1966 article also described his tactics: In a quarter-century as a professional slum organizer, Alinsky, who is 57, has goaded, confused, and infuriated the power structures of two score communities. In the process he has perfected what social scientists now call Alinsky-type protest, an explosive mixture of rigid discipline, brilliant showmanship, and a street fighters instinct for ruthlessly exploiting his enemys weakness.Alinsky has proved that the fastest way for slum tenants to get results is to picket their landlords suburban homes with signs reading: Your Neighbor Is A Slumlord. As the 1960s went on, Alinskys tactics delivered mixed results, and some localities which had invited were disappointed. In 1971 he published Rules For Radicals, his third and final book. In it, he provides advice for political action and organizing. The book is written in his distinctively irreverent voice, and is filled with entertaining stories that illustrate the lessons he learned over decades of organizing in various communities. On June 12, 1972, Alinsky  died of a heart attack at his home in Carmel, California. Obituaries noted his long career as an organizer. Emergence as a Political Weapon After Alinskys death, some organizations he worked with continued. And Rules For Radicals  became something of a textbook for those interested in community organizing. Alinsky himself, however, generally faded from memory, especially when compared to other figures Americans recalled from the socially turbulent 1960s. The relative obscurity of Alinsky abruptly  ended when Hillary Clinton entered electoral politics. When her opponents discovered that she had written her thesis on Alinsky, they became eager to link her to the long-dead self-professed radical. It was true that Clinton, as a college student, had corresponded with Alinsky, and had written a thesis about his work (which purportedly disagreed with his tactics). At one point, a young Hillary Clinton was even invited to work for Alinsky. But she tended to believe that his tactics were too outside the system, and she chose to attend law school rather than join one of his organizations. The weaponizing of Alinskys reputation accelerated when Barack Obama ran for president in 2008. His few years as a community organizer in Chicago seemed to mirror Alinskys career. Obama and Alinsky never had any contact, of course, as Alinsky died when Obama was not yet in his teens. And the organizations Obama worked for were not those founded by Alinsky. In the 2012 campaign, the name of Alinsky surfaced again as an attack against President Obama as he ran for reelection. And in 2016, at the Republican National Convention, Dr. Ben Carson invoked Alinsky in a peculiar accusation against Hillary Clinton. Carson claimed that Rules For Radicals had been dedicated to Lucifer, which was not accurate. (The book was dedicated to Alinskys wife, Irene; Lucifer was mentioned in passing in a series of epigraphs pointing out historic traditions of protest.) The emergence of Alinskys reputation as essentially a smear tactic to use against political opponents has only given him great prominence, of course. HIs two instructional books, Reveille for Radicals and Rules For Radicals remain in print in paperback editions. Given his irreverent sense of humor, he would probably consider the attacks upon his name from the radical right to be a great compliment. And his legacy as someone who sought to shake up the system seems secure.

Vice Versa and Vis-à-Vis

Vice Versa and VisVis Vice Versa and VisVis Vice Versa and VisVis By Maeve Maddox The following quotation appeared in a newspaper article about a school where parents are encouraged to visit their children’s classroom: the more parent visitors we have, the more they trust us and visvis.   I think the principal intended to say, â€Å"the more parent visitors we have, the more they trust us and vice versa.† The only thing the two expressions have in common is that they alliterate. English vis-a-vis [vee-zuh-vee] is from French visvis, â€Å"face to face.† It can be used as noun, preposition, or adverb. As a noun, visvis can refer to: 1. a person or a thing situated opposite another. Example: At the table, my vis-a-vis was a woman dressed all in black and wearing a veil. 2. one’s opposite number or counterpart. Example: At the international conference of editors, my Russian vis-a-vis was a short, chubby man with a cheerful countenance and a ready laugh. 3. a meeting. Example: Reggie’s first vis-a-vis with the new commander left him shaking. As a preposition, visvis can be used to mean literally â€Å"face to face with,† or in the sense of â€Å"in relation to†: At the town meeting, a farmer sat visvis the Mayor. The citizens had called the meeting visvis a proposed redistricting. As an adverb, visvis means â€Å"opposite, so as to face each other.† Example: On the mantelpiece the actor’s two Oscars stood visvis. The other expression, vice versa [vahys-vur-suh] or [vahy-suh vur-suh], came into English directly from Latin from a word meaning â€Å"turn.† It’s used as an adverb meaning â€Å"with a reversal or transposition of the main items in the statement just made.† It can be used with or without a restatement of the previous item: the constellations do shift, so that what you see during the summer is overhead during the day in the winter and vice versa, the constellations you saw in winter, are overhead in the summer. or, the constellations do shift, so that what you see during the summer is overhead during the day in the winter and vice versa. Some bloggers ridicule speakers who pronounce vice versa with four syllables, but they are mean-spirited and uninformed. The OED puts the three-syllable pronunciation first, but acknowledges the four-syllable pronunciation as an alternate. Merriam-Webster puts the four-syllable pronunciation first. As a blogger named ClarE has pointed out, if we want to get picky, maybe we should reject both English efforts and try to pronounce it like classical Latin: [wee-kay wer-sah]. The important thing is not to say vice versa when what you mean is visvis–and vice versa. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:20 Words with More Than One SpellingYay, Hooray, Woo-hoo and Other Acclamations20 Clipped Forms and Their Place (If Any) in Formal Writing

Graduation for all English Language Learners Assignment

Graduation for all English Language Learners - Assignment Example 1 2 3 4 5 Scale # 3 (Personal Abilities / interest) Question # 6 Do I afford the cost / fee of learning English Language? 1 2 3 4 5 Question # 7 Do I have ability of learning English Language? 1 2 3 4 5 Question # 8 Do I have an interest in learning English Language? 1 2 3 4 5 Scale # 4 (benefits) Question # 9 After learning English Language, would I get good response from the market? 1 2 3 4 5 Question # 10 Would the English Language help / facilitate me to boost my professional career? 1 2 3 4 5 Introduction Peer Reviews; mean the evaluation of a work through diverse ways that ultimately gives confidence to the students / authors to look at their own writing as a work in progress. During the process of peer review, each of the students (peer reviewers) has an equal chance to criticize the work of their fellow student. The initial part of the document identified a construct and defined it using Peer Review articles / books on promoting English Language to all students till graduatio n. The developed construct contains basically four (4) types of questions which need to be answered to build up a trend for promoting English Language learning. ... The first (1st) scale contains two (2) items, whereas, each item has been rated five (5) points Likert scale. The two (2) questions on this scale have been developed to know whether the candidate has been facilitated to take admission in graduation of English Language. The second (2nd) scale contains three (3) questions and the answer of the each question would be rated five (5) points Likert scale. This scale has been developed to identify the efforts made by the English Language learning candidate for knowing the importance of the subject. Moreover, the questions identify the efforts of the instructors for attracting students to learn English Language. The third (3rd) scale contains three (3) items and each of the items would be rated five (5) points Likert scale. This scale identifies the personal interest as well as the capabilities of the English Language learning candidate to know whether the candidate wants to learn English Language. The forth (4th) scale contains four (4) ite ms; each item would be rated five (5) points Likert scale. The questions in the scale facilitate to recognize the future scope of the English Language learners; this scale would be utilized to motivate the candidates to learn English Language (Timberlake, 2009). Method of scaling These assessments use a summative scale to obtain a total assessment score to identify the level of the content. A five (5) step Likert scale has been utilized with the ratings include: ‘Strongly disagree’, ‘Disagree’, ‘Neither Agree or Disagree’, ‘Agree’ and ‘Strongly Agree’. The scoring for the above given ratings which have been utilized in the document include from one (1) to five (5),

Introduction to Professional Nursing Practice Essay - 1

Introduction to Professional Nursing Practice - Essay Example The other appropriate measure, which head nurses ought to ensure, encompasses avoiding incidences of nurses’ shortage (Subramanian &Vinoth, 2012). Since this is what results to excessive workload on the part of nurses for they end up serving many patients beyond what their both physical and psychological endurance can adequately support. Shortage of nurses in hospitals is a major cause of Burnout whose early signs encompass stress and irritability that signify an overworked nurse. Therefore, nurses ought to learn how know themselves and their limitations (Gagnon, 2008). Moreover, nurses are supposed to maintain a healthy lifestyle by fitting enjoyable leisure activities in their daily lives. This will help in reducing stress. Furthermore, nurses’ training is to put other peoples care before them (Walter, Plaumann & Awa, 2010). This intervention normally enables them learn how to take care of themselves and not to mistake self-care as being selfish but as a way of energizing as well as maintaining one’s emotional and physical stamina. In post cases, this comes with enhancing interpersonal and social relationships with friends and family, which is via healthy communication (Elder, Evans & Nizette, 2009) Elder, Evans & Nizette (2009) in their study have clearly shown how burnout syndrome is an ethical issue and that all nurses have a moral obligation to take the necessary steps to reduce burnout in themselves. This is because, as seen above, burnout syndrome is an undesirable state due to the nurses’ interaction with patients and its effects it on immediate colleagues. Mainly, these associations act as influential organizations towards promoting health mostly comprising of registered nurses. This is through lobbying government and other respective authorities towards availing appropriate working environment for nurses, which will in turn lead improved medical care. Their focuses

Supply, Demand and Price Elasticity Essay Example for Free

Supply, Demand and Price Elasticity Essay A commodity is a basic good that can be bought, sold, or even used as currency in parts of the world. Items such as coffee, sugar, soybeans, gold, silver, wheat, gasoline, corn, platinum, oranges, and crude oil are examples of commodities in the global marketplace. Consumers demand commodities to meet their needs in the consumption of food, or the creation of other goods or services. Suppliers, often farmers, supply the commodities to the marketplace. Several factors can affect both the supply and demand of commodities. Selected causes that affect supply and demand will be discussed as well as the effects these causes have on price, quantity, and market equilibrium. Finally, the paper will determine whether the chosen commodity, sugar, is a luxury item or a necessity, identify the availability of substitutes, and discuss how these attributes impact sugar’s price elasticity. Supply and Demand Impacts and Effects As mentioned above, the commodity chosen for discussion is sugar. Much of the world considers sugar an important commodity, used for sweetening foods, and in making other products such as baking. For these reasons, consumers highly value sugar, so its demand remains high. Crops such as sugar cane and sugar beets produce refined sugar. These crops grow in many areas of the world, including the United States, Australia, and India. Sugar operates within a market economy, so several factors cause shifts in supply and demand. Perhaps the most important factor that affects the supply of sugar is weather. As a crop grown throughout the world, sugar cane or beets are subject to extreme temperatures, flooding, drought, and even insects. Recent severe flooding in northeastern Australia has diminished the world sugar supply (Josephs, 2010). As large amounts of sugar are lost to weather, the supply curve shifts to the left, quantity supplied drops, prices increase, and market equilibrium increases as overall demand decreases. Another impact to the world supply of sugar is the development of farming and harvesting techniques to allow planting of sugar cane or sugar beets in new nvironments and climates. This scenario increase the quantity of sugar supplied to the world marketplace, shifting the supply curve to the right. When this happens, quantity increases, prices fall, and market equilibrium edges lower as demand increases. Importing and exporting of sugar directly impacts sugar supply. Nations that produce sugar determine how much sugar to export, what price they will charge for the sugar, and whom they are willing to supply sugar. For example, India is currently exporting less sugar than expected (Josephs, 2010). This action reduces the quantity supplied, in turn increasing price and market equilibrium because of decreased demand for sugar at higher prices. Another impact to the supply and demand of sugar is speculative buying. In this case, buyers purchase sugar in hopes of raising the price of sugar by reducing the supply available on the open market. The effect of the reduced supply causes prices to rise as well as market equilibrium. As prices rise, the buyers sell their sugar holdings, increasing the total sugar supply in turn reducing prices and market equilibrium. Price Elasticity Determination Though used by people in nearly every country, sugar remains a luxury item. Sugar is mainly used to add flavor or sweeten foods such as baked goods, fresh fruit, tea, and coffee. According to recent studies, the average American consumes 150 – 170 pounds of sugar per year (Regan, 2011). Excess sugar consumption produces side effects such as weight gain, hyper activity, diabetes, or high blood sugar. To counteract these effects, numerous sugar substitutes such as Equal, Splenda, Stevia, Truvia, and high fructose corn syrup exist in the marketplace. The availability of many sugar substitutes in the marketplace creates elastic demand for pure sugar (Hubbard O Brien, 2010). As sugar prices rise, consumers seek lower priced substitutes. Substitutes lower the demand for sugar without changing the quantity of sugar supplied, signaling a shift of the demand curve to the left, lowering the price as well as market equilibrium of sugar. Conclusion Many factors such as adverse weather, farming innovations, importing and exporting, and substitute availability influence both the supply and demand of soft commodities like sugar, coffee, and wheat. Each effect on supply or demand influences price, quantity, and market equilibrium differently. Luxury items with many available substitutes, like sugar, have a more elastic demand than necessity products like gasoline or heating oil having few or no substitutes available.

Dark Images and Imagery in Shakespeares Macbeth Essay -- GCSE Coursew

Dark Imagery in Macbeth Shakespeare uses a lot of imagery of night and darkness in Macbeth. This imagery is used to portray an image of a desolate, deranged place, full of tumult and disorder. Darkness and night imagery is also used to create an atmosphere of malevolence and misleading obscurity. Images of night and darkness are often used at times in the play when a death has occurred, or some other tragic event. Shakespeare also uses imagery of night and darkness in scenes with the witches, to make them seem evil and unruly. When someone is doing or thinking of something evil, there is often imagery of night and darkness, which helps to causes it to appear more evil and deranged. The images of night and darkness make the play more entertaining and captivating, which maintains the audience’s attention. Darkness is often used at times in the play when a tragic event has occurred. The morning after Macbeth killed Duncan remained in darkness, because the sun did not rise. "Is ‘t the night’s predominance or the day’s shame that darkness does the face of the earth entomb when living light should kiss it?" (2:4, 10-12) Ross said these words referring to the unusual darkness of the day. He wondered if the night had become stronger than the day, and overcome it, so that the sun could no longer shine. He mused that it seemed as though the earth was shrouded with the darkness, when the light of the sun that brings life should have ensconced it. In this quote, darkness symbolizes death and light symbolizes life. It suggests that the whole country is as good as dead since their king has been killed, because the natural order has been disturbed. The disturbance to the natural order caused all of nature is disturbed, d... ...ne to know that it was her husband, with the plan that she had devised, who had killed Duncan, including God. She thought that she could hide in the darkness from the judgment that she and Macbeth deserved, and that it would conceal her wrongdoings from the eyes of God. The images of darkness in Lady Macbeth’s soliloquy help to create a frightful image of her malevolent plan. Imagery of night and darkness is used quite frequently in the play to portray an image of a desolate, deranged place, brimming with tumult, disorder and transgression. Night and darkness are often used to symbolize death, tragedy and corrupt deeds, and to paint a deranged, haphazard picture of characters, their wrongdoings or their malevolent thoughts. Shakespeare has used this imagery to enhance the play by creating the exact atmosphere of pandemonium and devastation that he wanted. Dark Images and Imagery in Shakespeare's Macbeth Essay -- GCSE Coursew Dark Imagery in Macbeth Shakespeare uses a lot of imagery of night and darkness in Macbeth. This imagery is used to portray an image of a desolate, deranged place, full of tumult and disorder. Darkness and night imagery is also used to create an atmosphere of malevolence and misleading obscurity. Images of night and darkness are often used at times in the play when a death has occurred, or some other tragic event. Shakespeare also uses imagery of night and darkness in scenes with the witches, to make them seem evil and unruly. When someone is doing or thinking of something evil, there is often imagery of night and darkness, which helps to causes it to appear more evil and deranged. The images of night and darkness make the play more entertaining and captivating, which maintains the audience’s attention. Darkness is often used at times in the play when a tragic event has occurred. The morning after Macbeth killed Duncan remained in darkness, because the sun did not rise. "Is ‘t the night’s predominance or the day’s shame that darkness does the face of the earth entomb when living light should kiss it?" (2:4, 10-12) Ross said these words referring to the unusual darkness of the day. He wondered if the night had become stronger than the day, and overcome it, so that the sun could no longer shine. He mused that it seemed as though the earth was shrouded with the darkness, when the light of the sun that brings life should have ensconced it. In this quote, darkness symbolizes death and light symbolizes life. It suggests that the whole country is as good as dead since their king has been killed, because the natural order has been disturbed. The disturbance to the natural order caused all of nature is disturbed, d... ...ne to know that it was her husband, with the plan that she had devised, who had killed Duncan, including God. She thought that she could hide in the darkness from the judgment that she and Macbeth deserved, and that it would conceal her wrongdoings from the eyes of God. The images of darkness in Lady Macbeth’s soliloquy help to create a frightful image of her malevolent plan. Imagery of night and darkness is used quite frequently in the play to portray an image of a desolate, deranged place, brimming with tumult, disorder and transgression. Night and darkness are often used to symbolize death, tragedy and corrupt deeds, and to paint a deranged, haphazard picture of characters, their wrongdoings or their malevolent thoughts. Shakespeare has used this imagery to enhance the play by creating the exact atmosphere of pandemonium and devastation that he wanted.

Positioning Statement

Positioning Statement According to the latest findings in individual report part one, our low-income target audiences have higher fast food consumption than those in high-income area. We know that poor lifestyle and fast food consumption increase the likelihood of being diagnosed with bowel cancer by 2.7 times. Healthier lifestyle behaviours such as healthy eating, regular physical activity may reduce the risk of cancer recurrence and improve the life for patients living with bowel cancer, but the intention to change those health behaviours may vary depending on availabilities of resource, and time (Susan, M., Robert, W. 2018). We aim to use appropriate social marketing strategies and campaigns to provide more information and recommendations on how to minimize the risk of bowel cancer through improved lifestyle and early screening.Product design and platformBowel cancer screening kit is designed to check early signs of bowel cancer in our target audiences who do not have bowel cancer or do not have any obvious signs but have a higher risk of getting this disease. This innovative product brings significant benefit in bow cancer early detection. The simple screening instructions saves time and increases the chance of detecting bowel cancer at an early stage, cancer mortality is decreased at the same time. The design principles of the screening kit provide simple, fast, cost effective and accurate diagnosis in bowel cancer. Over the years, our team created unique technological platforms that are used to design and develop products for early detection of different types of cancers. With shared characteristics, these range of products are derived from the same core technology and architecture. The bow cancer screening kit and companion products for other cancer are designed to help people to identify, manage and treat the disease (Markus A. Feufel1, Tamera R. S., and Hans J. B. 2010). Price In price setting, our team must take into account various factors (i.e., lack of insurance, transportation cost and cost of screening) in line with the benefit and value of our product to remain attractive to people. Pricing strategies to minimize an economic barrier for bowel cancer screening: Proving low cost or free screening service. Healthcare incentives and disincentives can be targeted at healthcare professionals and patients. This report target patients. Patient targeted incentives and disincentives can be monetary and nonmonetary. Monetary Incentives and Disincentives are behaviour changes result in a voucher, price, payment, or other financial rewards; Nonmonetary Incentives and Disincentives are behaviour changes result in enhanced quality of life or other non-financial benefits (Kim, S., University of Cambridge, Sheila, L., University of North Carolina, Jon, C., University of Minnesota). .Place/Distribution ChannelEmail is one of the most effective ways to communicate our campaign message to target audience and the community. Another alternative method involves community healthcare support works in distributing the screening kits, to provide information and education on bowel cancer to prospective participant.Distribute the kit through pharmacies throughout inner west of Sydney, each returned stool sample will be tested, and result will be notified to participants.Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory examined the relationship between environmental factors and diet behaviour. Healthy food access is the first step to improve the food environment by making healthy foods more assessable to low-income customers and limiting access to fast food restaurants. PromotionWe will hold a yearly Bowel Cancer Awareness Month campaign in encouraging our target audience to reduce junk food consumption, increase physical activity, promote other positive health behaviour, and encourage not yet screened people to be screened for bowel cancer. The key message for the public is:†Kit start to save your life!†Another message to our target audience:If you're aged 16-30 from inner west of Sydney, you'll receive a free bowel cancel screening kitFor people have no signs or symptoms of bowel cancerBowel cancer is curable if detected earlyTake the test early, don't ignore itCancer Council NSW, local council and businesses provide both financial support and educational resources for this campaign. We will invite a health professional as a guest speaker who is well-known in cancer care and practice to spread awareness message during the campaign, motivate and empower already screened participants to tell their stories and encourage other people to be screened. This campaign offers a unique opportunity for participant to interact with the guest speaker to raise awareness on bowel cancer risks its impact on people who are diagnosed with this disease in our community.Strategies that is actionable and understand the participants can be incorporated. Future cancer prevention and treatment methods must be communicated to the participants. A successful social marketing campaign, we need to make the audience feel involved and motivated without fear from start to finish. Traditional communication channels such as face to face communication could not reach as wide audience as non-traditional channels, it is an effective channel to form a personal connection with our target audience. Mass media such as face book is a non-traditional communication channel where a variety of risks are existing. Fear in mass media can affect people's behaviour, people feel nervous, fearful and anxious when they are exposed by open media.There are serval factors that guiding our decisions including: post experiences, cognitive biases, cost, individual differences such as social status and age (Cindy, D. 2010) Creative strategiesSome studies suggest that how food in displayed in a store can increase sales. Place healthy vegetables and fruits to a place where they will sell faster, usually towards the front of the store. Encourage customers to buy healthy beverages by placing them in the refrigerator next to the milk and water. Healthy products such as whole meal wheat products below eye level.Form positive relations with the target audience to increase the value of healthier lifestyle behaviours including increased physical activity and heathier dietary choices.Make information available at local council or public places to educate the community on the advantage of early screening, healthy eating and impact on eating fast food. Propose or introduce junk food tax, restrict unhealthy food advertising as part of efforts to reduce fast food consumption, addressing raising risk of bowel cancer.Implement appropriate strategies and policies within the community to promote healthy life style, early screening and reduce bowel cancer. Encourage and motivate participants to take part in face to face communications to express their fear and anxiety before screening. Use small media such as newsletters and brochures to motivate and inform people to be screened. Provide training for healthcare professionals including individual targeted training and professional development workshops.Assist healthcare professionals with the knowledge, resources and systems to manage screening effectively.